- Regulatory Status
- RUO
- Other Names
- TGFA
| Cat # | Size | Price | Quantity Check Availability | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 717602 | 100 µg | $253.00 | |||
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TGF-α was initially identified in the culture medium of several transformed cell lines. TGF-α is structurally and functionally related to the epidermal growth factor and belongs to the EGF subfamily that also includes amphiregulin (AR), heparin binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), betacellulin (BTC), epiregulin (EPR), and epigen (EPG). TGF-α is derived from a transmembrane precursor (20-22 kD); pro-TGFα undergoes several posttranslational modifications that include N- and O-linked glycosylation and palmitoylation. The pro-TGFα includes a glycosylated N-terminal domain, a TGF-α region with the EGF-like motif, a linker sequence that joins the ectodomain to the transmembrane domain, and an intracellular portion. TGF-α is proteolytically released from the membrane by tumor necrosis factor-α converting enzyme (TACE/ADAM-17). TGF-α is cleaved at the N- and C-terminus of the EGF motif; the proteolytic cleavage at the C-terminus is required to release the soluble form. The N-terminal cleavage of pro-TGFα occurs at the cell surface by TACE-independent activity. TGF-α plays a key role regulating follicle development and tumorigenesis. TGF-α and its receptor are highly expressed in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Also, TGF-α polymorphism has been associated with oral birth defects.
Product Details
- Source
- Human TGF-α, amino acids (Val40-Ala89) (Accession# NM_003236) was expressed in E. coli.
- Molecular Mass
- The 55 amino acid recombinant protein has a predicted Molecular mass of 5.5 kD. The predicted N-terminal amino acid is Val.
- Purity
- >98%, as determined by Coomassie stained SDS-PAGE and HPLC analysis.
- Formulation
- Lyophilized, carrier-free.
- Endotoxin Level
- Less than 0.1 ng per µg of protein.
- Storage & Handling
- Unopened vial can be stored at -20°C or -70°C. For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. Reconstitute in water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/ml. Do not vortex. It is recommended to further dilute in a buffer, such as 5% Trehalose, and store working aliquots at -20°C to -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
- Activity
- The expected ED50 is ≤ 0.2 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of ≥ 5 x 106 units/mg, as determined by its ability to stimulate the proliferation of mouse Balb/c 3T3 cells.
- Application
-
Bioassay
Antigen Details
- Structure
- Cytokine
- Distribution
-
Expressed by many human tumors, human granulosa cells, theca cells, keratinocytes, and a number of epithelial cells.
- Function
- TGF-α has angiogenic properties. It is a potent mitogen, and it induces KGN (human granulosa cell tumor) cell proliferation, cell viability, cell cycle progression, and cell migration. Also, it induces cell proliferation and differentiation in epithelial and neuronal cells.
- Interaction
- Human granulosa cells and epithelial cells.
- Ligand/Receptor
- EGFR
- Bioactivity
- Human TGF-α is able induce proliferation of Balb/c 3T3 cells.
- Cell Type
- Embryonic Stem Cells, Hematopoietic stem and progenitors, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Neural Stem Cells
- Biology Area
- Cell Biology, Signal Transduction, Stem Cells
- Molecular Family
- Cytokines/Chemokines, Growth Factors
- Antigen References
-
1. Derynck R, et al. 1984. Cell 38:287.
2. Sunnarborg SW, et al. 2002. J. Biol. Chem. 277:12838.
3. Juanes PP, et al. 2005. Biochem. J. 389:161.
4. Sull JW, et al. 2009. Hum. Genet. 126:385.
5. Degl’Innocenti D, et al. 2010. PLoS One 5:e12701.
6. Wang C, et al. 2012. PLoS One 7:e48299. - Gene ID
- 7039 View all products for this Gene ID
- UniProt
- View information about TGF-alpha on UniProt.org