- Regulatory Status
- RUO
- Other Names
- Macrophage migration inhibitory factor, GIF, GLIF, MMIF
Cat # | Size | Price | Quantity Check Availability | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
599504 | 25 µg | $218.00 | |||
599506 | 100 µg | $686.00 |
MIF was discovered in the 1960’s as a T-lymphocyte product that inhibits the random migration of macrophages during delayed-type hypersensitivity responses. This cytokine is a single, non-glycosylated, 115 amino acid polypeptide that has a β-α-β motif. It is known that MIF induces inflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide and superoxide anions, and regulates macrophage and lymphocyte proliferation. The immunoregulatory activities of MIF are based upon transcriptional regulation of inflammatory gene products, modulation of cell proliferation and cell cycle inhibition of p53-mediated apoptosis, and a number of metabolic effects. MIF also demonstrates broad regulatory properties and is considered to be a critical mediator of multiple disorders, including inflammatory and autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, glomerulonephritis, diabetes, atherosclerosis, sepsis, asthma, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Furthermore, studies have highlighted the role of MIF in tumorigenesis. Human cancer tissues, including skin, brain, breast, colon, prostate, and lung-derived tumors, overexpress MIF; MIF levels correlated with tumor aggressiveness and metastatic potential. Therefore, MIF is considered a viable therapeutic target for treating inflammatory diseases and neoplasia. In addition to its physiologic and pathophysiologic activities, MIF is known to act as a tautomerase and has a catalytically active N-terminal proline that is invariant in structurally homologous bacterial isomerases. Although the relationship between the catalytic activity and biological function of MIF is not yet fully understood, targeting MIF tautomerase activity using small-molecule inhibitors has emerged as an attractive strategy for inhibiting MIF proinflammatory activity and attenuating its biological activity in vitro and in vivo. Human and mouse MIF share a 90% homology.
Product Details
- Source
- Mouse MIF, amino acids (Pro2-Ala115) (Accession# NP_034928.1), was expressed in E. coli with an additional N-terminal Met.
- Molecular Mass
- The 115 amino acid recombinant protein has a predicted molecular mass of approximately 12.5 kD. The protein migrates above 14 kD by SDS-PAGE in DTT-reducing conditions and above 12.5 kD in non-reducing conditions. The predicted N-terminal amino acid is Met.
- Purity
- >95%, as determined by Coomassie stained SDS-PAGE.
- Formulation
- 0.22 µm filtered protein solution is in PBS.
- Endotoxin Level
- Less than 0.1 EU per µg of protein as determine by the LAL method.
- Concentration
- 10 and 25 µg sizes are bottled at 200 µg/mL. 100 µg size and larger sizes are lot-specific and bottled at the concentration indicated on the vial. To obtain lot-specific concentration and expiration, please enter the lot number in our Certificate of Analysis online tool.
- Storage & Handling
- Unopened vial can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for up to 2 weeks, at -20°C for up to six months, or at -70°C or colder until the expiration date. For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. The protein can be aliquoted and stored at -20°C or colder. Stock solutions can also be prepared at 50 - 100 µg/mL in appropriate sterile buffer, carrier protein such as 0.2 - 1% BSA or HSA can be added when preparing the stock solution. Aliquots can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for up to one week and stored at -20°C or colder for up to 3 months. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
- Application
-
Bioassay
- Application Notes
-
This product is reactive with mouse and human.
We currently check the quality of this recombinant protein by purity, endotoxin level and molecular weight. At this time, we do not have bioassay system established yet for testing this protein. However, we are continuing to seek out options to test its activity.
BioLegend carrier-free recombinant proteins provided in liquid format are shipped on blue-ice. Our comparison testing data indicates that when handled and stored as recommended, the liquid format has equal or better stability and shelf-life compared to commercially available lyophilized proteins after reconstitution. Our liquid proteins are verified in-house to maintain activity after shipping on blue ice and are backed by our 100% satisfaction guarantee. If you have any concerns, contact us at tech@biolegend.com.
Antigen Details
- Structure
- Monomer
- Distribution
-
Macrophages, eosinophils, T cells, pituitary gland.
- Function
- MIF stimulates IL-1, IL-8, and MMP expression on fibroblasts. It also stimulates NO and TNF-α production on macrophages. MIF regulates the migration of macrophages. The secretion of MIF is regulated by steroids.
- Interaction
- Macrophages, fibroblasts
- Ligand/Receptor
- CD74
- Bioactivity
- Mouse MIF inhibits the migration of THP-1 cells in the presence of human MCP-1.
- Biology Area
- Cell Biology, Cell Motility/Cytoskeleton/Structure, Immunology, Innate Immunity
- Molecular Family
- Cytokines/Chemokines
- Antigen References
-
1. David JR. 1966. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 56:72.
2. Hare AA, et al. 2010. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 20:5811.
3. Calandra T, et al. 2003. J. Infect. Dis. 187:s385.
4. Senter PD, et al. 2002. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 99:144.
5. Calandra T, et al. 1995. Nature. 377:68.
6. Ouertatani-Sakouhi H, et al. 2010. Biol. Chem. 285:26581. - Gene ID
- 17319 View all products for this Gene ID
- UniProt
- View information about MIF on UniProt.org